Qaababka Budada Polyurethane AB ee lagu dhejiyo ololka

Qaababka Budada Polyurethane AB ee lagu dhejiyo ololka
Iyada oo lagu saleynayo baahida loo qabo qaacidooyinka dab-damiska ee aan halogen-ka lahayn ee loogu talagalay dhejisyada polyurethane AB, oo ay weheliso astaamaha iyo saameynta isku-dhafka ah ee dab-damiska sida aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, iyo melamine cyanurate (MCA), saddexda qaab-dhismeed ee soo socda ayaa la nashqadeeyay. Qaacidooyinkani waa kuwo aan koloriin lahayn waxayna diiradda saarayaan hagaajinta hufnaanta dab-damiska, is-waafajinta waxqabadka jireed, iyo suurtogalnimada habka:

1. Qaabaynta Ololka Sare (Dhismaha elektaroonigga ah, kaydinta baytariga, bartilmaameedka UL94 V-0)

Isku-darka Dabaysha Ololka ee Aasaasiga ah:

• Aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 8-12 phr (nooca biyaha lagu dahaadhay ee polyurethane-ka lagu taliyay si wax looga qabto arrimaha roobka)
• Aluminium hydroxide (ATH): 20-25 phr (heerka submicron, 0.2-1.0 μm, si kor loogu qaado tusmada oksijiinta iyo isku-dhafka awoodda)
• MCA: 5-8 phr (farsamo-waji gaas ah, oo la jaanqaadaysa AHP marxaladda la isku daray)
• Zinc borate: 3-5 phr (wuxuu kor u qaadaa sameynta walxaha dhoobada wuxuuna joojiyaa qiiqa)

Waxqabadka la filayo:

• Tusmada oksijiinta (LOI): ≥32% (PU saafi ah ≈22%);
• Qiimaynta UL94: V-0 (dhumucda 1.6 mm);
• Gudbinta kulaylka: 0.45-0.55 W/m·K (oo ay gacan ka geysteen ATH iyo zinc borate);
• Xakamaynta gariirka: 25,000-30,000 cP (daaweynta dusha sare ayaa loo baahan yahay si looga hortago fadhiisinta).

Habka Muhiimka ah:

• AHP waa in hore loogu kala firdhiyaa qaybta polyol (Qaybta A) si looga fogaado falcelin degdeg ah oo lala sameeyo isocyanate (Qaybta B);
• ATH waa in wax laga beddelaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo wakiil isku xidhka silane (tusaale ahaan, KH-550) si loo xoojiyo isku xidhka wejiga.

2. Qaab-dhismeedka Guud ee Qiimo Jaban (Shaabadaynta dhismaha, xidhitaanka alaabta guriga, bartilmaameedka UL94 V-1)

Isku-darka Dabaysha Ololka ee Aasaasiga ah:

• Aluminium hydroxide (ATH): 30-40 phr (caadiyan heerka micron-ka, kharash-ool ah, dab-celiye nooca buuxinta);
• Ammonium polyphosphate (APP): 10-15 phr (oo lagu daray MCA si loogu isticmaalo nidaamka intumescent, oo beddelaya wakiilada halogenated);
• MCA: 5-7 phr (saamiga APP 1:2~1:3, wuxuu kor u qaadaa xumbo iyo go'doomin oksijiin);
• Zinc borate: 5 phr (cabburinta qiiqa, sameynta hidde-sideyaasha).

Waxqabadka la filayo:

• LOI: ≥28%;
• Qiimaynta UL94: V-1;
• Hoos u dhigista kharashka: ~30% (marka la barbar dhigo qaacidada ka hortagga dabka oo sareeya);
• Haynta xoogga jiidista: ≥80% (APP waxay u baahan tahay dabool si looga hortago biyo-gelinta).

Habka Muhiimka ah:

• APP waa in lagu daboolaa microcapsulated (tusaale ahaan, oo leh resin melamine-formaldehyde) si looga fogaado nuugista qoyaanka iyo sameynta xumbo;
• Ku dar 1-2 phr oo ah silica qiiqa leh ee hydrophobic (tusaale ahaan, Aerosil R202) si aad uga hortagto degitaanka.

3. Qaabaynta Habka Fudud ee Fudud (Si loo helo isku xidhka elektaroonigga saxda ah, oo u baahan socod sare)

Isku-darka Dabaysha Ololka ee Aasaasiga ah:

• Aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 5-8 phr (cabbirka nanos-ka, D50 ≤1 μm);
• Dareeraha fosfooraska dabiiciga ah ee dareeraha ah (beddelka BDP): 8-10 phr (tusaale ahaan, waxyaabaha ka soo baxa fosfooraska ee ku salaysan halogen-ka ee DMMP, oo ilaalinaya isku-dhafka);
• Aluminium hydroxide (ATH): 15 phr (isku-darka aluminiumka wareegsan, oo dheellitiraya kulaylka);
• MCA: 3-5 phr.

Waxqabadka la filayo:

• Kala duwanaanshaha fiiqnaanta: 10,000-15,000 cP (ku dhow nidaamyada dareeraha ah ee dab-damiska);
• Daahfurka ololka: UL94 V-0 (oo lagu xoojiyay fosfooraska dareeraha ah);
• Gudbinta kulaylka: ≥0.6 W/m·K (waxaa gacan ka geysta alumina wareegsan).

Habka Muhiimka ah:

• AHP iyo alumina wareegsan waa in la isku daraa oo lagu kala firdhiyaa gooynta sare (≥2000 rpm);
• Ku dar 4-6 phr shaandho molecular ah Qaybta B si looga hortago nuugista qoyaanka AHP.

4. Isku-darka Qodobbada Farsamada iyo Xalalka Kale

1. Hababka Wadajirka ah:

• AHP + MCA:AHP waxay kor u qaadaa fuuq-baxa iyo gubashada, halka MCA ay sii deyso gaaska nitrogen marka la kululeeyo, taasoo sameysa lakab u eg malab.
• ATH + Zinc borate:ATH waxay nuugtaa kulaylka (1967 J/g), zinc borate-na waxay samaysaa lakab galaas borate ah si ay u daboosho dusha sare.

2. Waxyaabaha kale ee ka hortaga ololka:

• Waxyaabaha laga soo saaro Polyphosphazene:Hufnaan sare iyo deegaan-saaxiibtinimo leh, iyadoo la adeegsanayo HCl-ka wax soo saarka ka soo jeeda;
• Resin silicone Epoxy (ESR):Marka lagu daro AHP, waxay yareysaa wadarta guud ee rarka (18% V-0) waxayna wanaajisaa sifooyinka farsamada.

3. Xakamaynta Khatarta Geedi socodka:

• Fadhiid:Walxaha ka hortagga degitaanka (tusaale ahaan, noocyada polyurea-ka wax laga beddelay) ayaa loo baahan yahay haddii viscosity <10,000 cP;
• Ka hortagga daaweynta:Ka fogow waxyaabaha ka hortagaya ololka alkaline-ka xad-dhaafka ah (tusaale ahaan, MCA) si looga hortago faragelinta falcelinta isocyanate.

5. Talooyinka Hirgelinta

• Mudnaanta sii tijaabinta qaacidada dib-u-celinta ololka sare leh: AHP + submicron ATH oo dahaaran (celcelis ahaan cabbirka walxaha 0.5 μm) AHP:ATH:MCA = 10:20:5 si aad u hesho hagaajinta bilowga ah.
• Imtixaanada Muhiimka ah:
  → LOI (GB/T 2406.2) iyo gubashada toosan ee UL94;
  → Xoogga isku xidhka ka dib wareegga kulaylka (-30℃~100℃, 200 saacadood);
  → Roobab ka dib gabowga degdega ah (60℃/7d).

Shaxda Qaabaynta Dareeraha Dabka