Looxa polystyrene ee la shiiday (XPS) waa walax si weyn loogu isticmaalo dahaarka dhismaha, sifooyinkiisa dahaarka dabka ayaa muhiim u ah badbaadada dhismaha. Naqshadeynta qaabaynta ee dahaarka dabka ee XPS waxay u baahan tahay tixgelin dhammaystiran oo ku saabsan hufnaanta dahaarka dabka, waxqabadka habaynta, kharashka, iyo shuruudaha deegaanka. Hoos waxaa ku yaal naqshad faahfaahsan iyo sharraxaad ku saabsan qaacidooyinka dahaarka dabka ee XPS, oo daboolaya xalalka dahaarka dabka ee halogen iyo halogen-ka aan lahayn.
1. Mabaadi'da Naqshadeynta ee Qaababka XPS ee Ka-hortagga Ololka
Qaybta ugu weyn ee XPS waa polystyrene (PS), wax ka beddelka dab-damiskana waxaa ugu horreyn lagu gaaraa iyadoo lagu darayo dab-damiyaasha. Naqshadeynta qaacidada waa inay u hoggaansantaa mabaadi'da soo socota:
- Dabacsanaan olol sare: Ka soo bax heerarka dab-damiska ee qalabka dhismaha (tusaale ahaan, GB 8624-2012).
- Waxqabadka habaynta: Qalabka dab-damiska waa inaanu si weyn u saameyn habka xumbada iyo qaabaynta ee XPS.
- Saaxiibtinimada deegaanka: Dareeraha dabka ee aan lahayn halogen waa in mudnaanta la siiyaa si ay u hoggaansamaan xeerarka deegaanka.
- Xakamaynta kharashka: Yaree kharashyada inta lagu jiro buuxinta shuruudaha waxqabadka.
2. Qaabaynta XPS ee Halogeenka ah ee ka hortagaya ololka
Dareeraha dabka ee halogen-ka ah (tusaale ahaan, kuwa la brominated) waxay joojiyaan falcelinta silsiladda gubashada iyagoo sii daaya xagjirrada halogen-ka, iyagoo bixinaya hufnaan sare oo dab-damis ah laakiin khatar ku ah deegaanka iyo caafimaadka.
(1) Halabuurka Qaaciddada:
- Polystyrene (PS)Qiimaha: 100 phr (resin saldhig ah)
- Dawada dab-qaboojisa ee Brominated: 10–20phr (tusaale ahaan, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) ama polystyrene brominated)
- Antimony trioxide (isku-darka): 3–5phr (waxay kor u qaadaysaa saameynta ka hortagga dabka)
- Wakiilka xumbaynta: 5–10 saacadood (tusaale ahaan, kaarboon laba ogsaydh ama butane)
- Kala-bixiyaha: 1–2phr (tusaale ahaan, wax polyethylene ah, wuxuu hagaajiyaa kala firdhinta qalabka ka hortagga dabka)
- Saliideeye: 1-2phr (tusaale ahaan, kalsiyum stearate, wuxuu xoojiyaa dareeraha habaynta)
- Ka-hortagga oksaydheynta: 0.5–1 qayb (tusaale ahaan, 1010 ama 168, waxay ka hortagtaa burburka inta lagu jiro farsamaynta)
(2) Habka Hawlgalka:
- Si isku mid ah ayay u shaqeeyaan resin PS ah, dab-celiye, synergist, firdhiye, saliideeye, iyo antioxidant.
- Ku dar walaxda xumbo leh oo ku dar isku-darka dhalaalka meel ka baxsan.
- Xakamee heerkulka fidinta 180–220°C si aad u hubiso xumbo iyo qaabayn habboon.
(3) Astaamaha:
- Faa'iidooyinka: Waxtar sare oo ka hortagta dabka, qadar yar oo lagu daro, iyo kharash yar.
- Qasaarooyinka: Waxay soo saari kartaa gaasas sun ah (tusaale ahaan, hydrogen bromide) inta lagu jiro gubashada, taasoo keenaysa walaac deegaanka ah.
3. Qaab-dhismeedka XPS ee ka-hortagga ololka ee Halogen-ka ah
Waxyaabaha dab-damiya ee aan lahayn halogen (tusaale ahaan, hydroxides-ka ku salaysan fosfooraska, ku salaysan nitrogen, ama aan dabiici ahayn) waxay gaaraan dib-u-celin ololka iyagoo nuugaya kulaylka ama samaynaya lakab ilaalin ah, iyagoo bixinaya waxqabad deegaan oo wanaagsan.
(1) Halabuurka Qaaciddada:
- Polystyrene (PS)Qiimaha: 100 phr (resin saldhig ah)
- Dawada dabka ku salaysan ee fosfooraska: 10–15 subaxnimo (tusaale ahaan,amooniyam polyphosphate (APP)ama fosfooraska cas)
- Dareeraha ololka ku salaysan Nitrogen-ka: 5–10phr (tusaale ahaan, melamine cyanurate (MCA))
- Haydarosaydh aan dabiici ahayn: 20–30 saacadood (tusaale ahaan, magnesium hydroxide ama aluminium hydroxide)
- Wakiilka xumbaynta: 5–10 saacadood (tusaale ahaan, kaarboon laba ogsaydh ama butane)
- Kala-bixiyaha: 1–2phr (tusaale ahaan, wax polyethylene ah, wuxuu hagaajiyaa kala firdhinta)
- Saliideeye: 1–2phr (tusaale ahaan, zinc stearate, wuxuu xoojiyaa dareeraha habaynta)
- Ka-hortagga oksaydheynta: 0.5–1 qayb (tusaale ahaan, 1010 ama 168, waxay ka hortagtaa burburka inta lagu jiro farsamaynta)
(2) Habka Hawlgalka:
- Si isku mid ah ayay u shaqeeyaan resin PS, resin ololka joojiya, firdhiye, saliideeye, iyo antioxidant.
- Ku dar walaxda xumbo leh oo ku dar isku-darka dhalaalka meel ka baxsan.
- Xakamee heerkulka fidinta 180–210°C si aad u hubiso xumbo iyo qaabayn habboon.
(3) Astaamaha:
- Faa'iidooyinka: Deegaan ahaan u wanaagsan, gaasaska sunta ah ma soo baxaan inta lagu jiro gubashada, waxayna u hoggaansamaan xeerarka deegaanka.
- Qasaarooyinka: Waxtarka yar ee dab-damiska, xaddi badan oo lagu daro, ayaa saameyn kara sifooyinka farsamada iyo waxqabadka xumbo-samaynta.
4. Tixgelinnada Muhiimka ah ee Naqshadeynta Qaabaynta
(1) Xulashada Qaboojiyaha Ololka
- Dareeraha ololka halogenated: Waxtar sare laakiin waxay khatar ku tahay deegaanka iyo caafimaadka.
- Dareeraha ololka ee aan Halogen lahayn: Aad bay u fiican tahay deegaanka laakiin waxay u baahan tahay xaddi badan oo lagu daro.
(2) Isticmaalka Dadka Isku-xidhka Sameeya
- Trioxide-ka Antimony: Si wada jir ah ula shaqeeya aaladaha halogeenka leh si ay si weyn u xoojiyaan dib u dhigista ololka.
- Isku-dhafka fosfooraska-nitrogen: Nidaamyada aan halogen lahayn, fosfooraska iyo kuwa dab-damiya ee ku salaysan nitrogen ayaa si wada jir ah u shaqayn kara si loo horumariyo hufnaanta.
(3) Kala-baxa iyo Habaynta
- Kala-baxayaal: Hubi in si isku mid ah loo kala firdhiyo walxaha dabka celiya si looga fogaado in la helo xoog badan oo deegaan ah.
- Saliidaha: Hagaajinta dareeraha habaynta iyo yaraynta xirashada qalabka.
(4) Xulashada Wakiilka Xumbada
- Walxaha xumbaynta jirka: Sida CO₂ ama butane, oo deegaanka u fiican oo leh saameyn xumbo wanaagsan leh.
- Walxaha xumbada kiimikadaSida azodicarbonamide (AC), hufnaan sare oo xumbo leh laakiin waxay soo saari kartaa gaasas waxyeello leh.
(5) Antioxidants
Ka hortag burburka walxaha inta lagu jiro farsamaynta iyo kor u qaadida xasilloonida badeecada.
5. Codsiyada Caadiga ah
- Dahaarka dhismaha: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa darbiyada, saqafyada, iyo lakabka dahaarka sagxadaha.
- Saadaasha silsiladda qabowDahaarka lagu kaydiyo qaboojiyaha iyo gawaarida qaboojiyaha leh.
- Beeraha kale: Qalabka qurxinta, qalabka ka hortaga dhawaaqa, iwm.
6. Talooyinka Hagaajinta Qaab-dhismeedka
(1) Hagaajinta Waxtarka Ka-hortagga Dabka
- Daawooyinka dabka isku dhafanSida isku-dhafka halogen-antimony ama fosfooraska-nitrogen si kor loogu qaado dib-u-dhaca ololka.
- Daawooyinka dab-damiska NanoSida nano magnesium hydroxide ama dhoobo nano ah, taasoo hagaajinaysa hufnaanta iyadoo la dhimayo xaddiga lagu daray.
(2) Horumarinta Astaamaha Farsamada
- Wakiilada adkaynayaSida POE ama EPDM, hagaajinta adkeysiga agabka iyo iska caabbinta saameynta.
- Xoojinta buuxintaSida fiilooyinka galaaska, xoojinta xoogga iyo adkaanta.
(3) Qiimo dhimista
- Hagaaji saamiga dab-damiska: Yaree isticmaalka inta lagu jiro buuxinta shuruudaha ka hortagga dabka.
- Xullo agab kharash-ool ahSida kuwa dabka celiya ee guriga ama kuwa isku dhafan.
7. Shuruudaha Deegaanka iyo Sharciyeynta
- Dareeraha ololka halogenated: Waxaa xaddiday xeerarka sida RoHS iyo REACH; si taxaddar leh u isticmaal.
- Dareeraha ololka ee aan Halogen lahayn: U hoggaansan xeerarka deegaanka oo matala isbeddellada mustaqbalka.
Soo Koobid
Naqshadeynta qaabaynta ee qalabka dab-damiska dabka ee XPS waa inay ku salaysnaataa xaalado gaar ah oo lagu dabaqo iyo shuruudaha sharciyeynta, iyadoo la dooranayo qalabka dab-damiska dabka ee aan lahayn halogen ama halogen. Qalabka dab-damiska dabka ee aan lahayn halogen waxay bixiyaan hufnaan sare laakiin waxay keenaan walaacyo deegaan, halka qalabka dab-damiska dabka ee aan lahayn halogen ay yihiin kuwo deegaanka u fiican laakiin waxay u baahan yihiin xaddi dheeraad ah oo dheeraad ah. Iyadoo la hagaajinayo qaacidooyinka iyo hababka, XPS-ka dab-damiska ee waxqabadka sare leh, deegaanka u fiican, iyo kharashka ku baxa ayaa la soo saari karaa si loo daboolo baahiyaha dahaarka dhismaha iyo meelaha kale.
More info., pls contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com
Waqtiga boostada: Maajo-23-2025
