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Fikradda Qiimaynta Ka-hortagga Ololka

Tijaabada qiimeynta dab-damiska dabka waa hab loo isticmaalo in lagu qiimeeyo awoodda agabka ee uu u leeyahay inuu iska caabiyo faafitaanka ololka. Heerarka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah UL94, IEC 60695-11-10, iyo GB/T 5169.16. Heerka UL94,Tijaabinta Ololida Agabka Balaastikada ah ee Qaybaha Qalabka iyo Qalabka, qiimeynta dab-damiska waxaa loo kala saaraa 12 heer iyadoo lagu saleynayo heerka adag ee tijaabada iyo codsiga: HB, V-2, V-1, V-0, 5VA, 5VB, VTM-0, VTM-1, VTM-2, HBF, HF1, iyo HF2.

Guud ahaan, qiimeynta dab-damiska ee caadiga ah ee la isticmaalo waxay u dhaxaysaa V-0 ilaa V-2, iyadoo V-0 ay tilmaamayso waxqabadka ugu fiican ee dab-damiska.

1.1 Qeexitaannada Qiimaynta Afarta Dabaysha ee Ka-hortagga Ololka

HB (Gubashada Jiifka ah):
Qiimaynta HB waxay muujinaysaa in walaxdu si tartiib tartiib ah u gubto laakiin aysan iskeed u damin. Waa heerka ugu hooseeya ee UL94 waxaana badanaa la isticmaalaa marka hababka tijaabada toosan (V-0, V-1, ama V-2) aan la dabaqi karin.

V-2 (Gubista Toosan - Heerka 2):
Qiimaynta V-2 waxay ka dhigan tahay in walaxda la mariyo laba tijaabo oo olol toosan ah oo 10-ilbiriqsi ah. Ka dib marka ololka laga saaro, waqtiga gubashada walaxda kama badna 30 ilbiriqsi, waxayna shidi kartaa suufka la dhigay 30 cm hoos. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ololku waa inaanu ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan.

V-1 (Gubista Toosan - Heerka 1):
Qiimaynta V-1 waxay ka dhigan tahay in walaxda la mariyo laba tijaabo oo olol toosan ah oo 10-ilbiriqsi ah. Ka dib marka ololka laga saaro, waqtiga gubashada walaxda kama badna 30 ilbiriqsi, ololkuna waa inaanu ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan ama aanu shidin suufka 30 cm hoosteeda.

V-0 (Gubista Toosan - Heerka 0):
Qiimaynta V-0 waxay ka dhigan tahay in walaxda la mariyo laba tijaabo oo olol toosan ah oo 10-ilbiriqsi ah. Ka dib marka ololka laga saaro, waqtiga gubashada walaxda kama badna 10 ilbiriqsi, ololkuna waa inaanu ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan ama aanu shidin suufka la dhigay 30 cm hoos.

1.2 Hordhac ku saabsan Qiimaynta Kale ee Ka-hortagga Ololka

5VA iyo 5VB waxay ka tirsan yihiin kala-soocidda tijaabada gubashada toosan iyadoo la adeegsanayo olol tijaabo ah oo 500W ah (dhererka ololka 125mm).

5VA (Gubista Toosan - Heerka 5VA):
Qiimaynta 5VA waa kala soocid heerka UL94. Waxay tilmaamaysaa in ka dib marka ololka la saaro, wakhtiga gubashada walaxda aanu ka badnayn 60 ilbiriqsi, ololku waa inaanu ka kor marin xariiqda calaamadaysan, olol kasta oo daadanayana waa inaanu ka badnayn 60 ilbiriqsi.

5VB (Gubista Toosan - Heerka 5VB):
Qiimaynta 5VB waxay la mid tahay 5VA, iyadoo la raacayo shuruudaha wakhtiga gubashada iyo faafitaanka ololka.

VTM-0, VTM-1, VTM-2 waa kala-soocidda walxaha khafiifka ah (dhumucdoodu < 0.025mm) ee tijaabooyinka gubashada toosan (dhererka ololka 20mm), oo lagu dabaqi karo filimada balaastikada ah.

VTM-0 (Gubista Saxanka Toosan - Heerka 0):
Qiimaynta VTM-0 waxay la macno tahay in marka ololka la saaro ka dib, waqtiga gubashada walaxda uusan ka badnayn 10 ilbiriqsi, ololkuna uusan ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan.

VTM-1 (Gubista Saxanka Toosan - Heerka 1):
Qiimaynta VTM-1 waxay la macno tahay in marka ololka la saaro ka dib, waqtiga gubashada walaxda uusan ka badnayn 30 ilbiriqsi, ololkuna uusan ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan.

VTM-2 (Gubista Saxanka Toosan - Heerka 2):
Qiimaynta VTM-2 waxay leedahay shuruudo la mid ah kuwa VTM-1.

HBF, HF1, HF2 waa kala-soocid loogu talagalay tijaabooyinka gubashada toosan ee walxaha xumbo leh (dhererka ololka 38mm).

HBF (Waxyaabaha Xumbada leh ee Gubashada Jiifka ah):
Qiimaynta HBF waxay ka dhigan tahay in xawaaraha gubashada walxaha xumbo leh uusan dhaafin 40 mm/daqiiqo, ololkuna waa inuu damiyaa ka hor inta uusan gaarin xariiqda calaamadaysan ee 125mm.

HF-1 (Gubashada Jiifka ah - Heerka 1aad):
Qiimaynta HF-1 waxay la macno tahay in ka dib marka ololka la saaro, waqtiga gubashada walaxda uusan ka badnayn 5 ilbiriqsi, ololkuna uusan ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan.

HF-2 (Gubashada Jiifka ah - Heerka 2):
Qiimaynta HF-2 waxay la macno tahay in ka dib marka ololka la saaro, waqtiga gubashada walaxda uusan ka badnayn 10 ilbiriqsi, ololkuna uusan ku faafin xariiqda calaamadaysan.

Ujeeddada Tijaabada Qiimaynta Dabar-goynta Ololka

Ujeeddooyinka tijaabada qiimeynta dab-damiska waxaa ka mid ah:

2.1 Qiimaynta Waxqabadka Gubashada Agabka

Go'aaminta xawaaraha gubashada walxaha, faafitaanka ololka, iyo faafinta dabka xaaladaha dabka waxay gacan ka geysaneysaa qiimeynta badbaadadiisa, isku halleyntiisa, iyo ku habboonaanta codsiyada u adkaysta dabka.

2.2 Go'aaminta Awoodda Ka-hortagga Dabka

Tijaabadu waxay aqoonsataa awoodda walaxdu u leedahay inay xakamayso faafitaanka ololka marka uu la kulmo ilo dab, taas oo muhiim u ah ka hortagga kororka dabka iyo yaraynta waxyeelada.

2.3 Hagidda Xulashada iyo Isticmaalka Agabka

Iyada oo la barbar dhigayo sifooyinka qalabka kala duwan ee ka hortagga dabka, tijaabintu waxay ka caawisaa xulashada agabka ku habboon dhismaha, gaadiidka, elektaroonigga, iyo meelaha kale si loo xoojiyo badbaadada dabka.

2.4 U hoggaansanaanta Xeerarka iyo Heerarka

Tijaabada dab-damiska waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la raacayo xeerarka qaranka ama kuwa warshadaha. Waxay hubisaa in agabku ay buuxiyaan shuruudaha badbaadada iyo u hoggaansanaanta codsiyada gaarka ah.

Marka la soo koobo, tijaabada qiimeynta dab-damiska waxay bixisaa xog muhiim ah oo ku saabsan xulashada agabka, horumarinta badbaadada dabka, iyo u hoggaansanaanta sharciyeed iyadoo la qiimeynayo dhaqanka gubashada iyo iska caabbinta ololka.

Heerarka Tixraaca

UL94:Tijaabinta Ololida Agabka Balaastikada ah ee Qaybaha Qalabka iyo Qalabka
IEC 60695-11-10:2013: *Tijaabada Khatarta Dabka - Qaybta 11-10: Tijaabada Ololka - 50 W Hababka Tijaabada Ololka Jiifka iyo Toosan*
GB/T 5169.16-2017: *Tijaabinta Khatarta Dabka ee Badeecadaha Korontada iyo Elektarooniga ah - Qaybta 16: Tijaabinta Ololka - 50W Hababka Tijaabinta Ololka Toosan iyo Toosan*

Hababka Tijaabada ee HB, V-2, V-1, iyo V-0

4.1 Gubashada Toosan (HB)

4.1.1 Shuruudaha Tusaalaha ah

Qaab: Xaashiyo (la jarjaray, la shubay, la soo saaray, iwm.) oo leh geeso siman, dusha sare oo nadiif ah, iyo cufnaan isku mid ah.
Cabbirka: 125±5mm (dherer) × 13±0.5mm (ballac). Shaybaarada ugu yar iyo dhumucda 3mm ayaa loo baahan yahay haddii aanay dhumucdu ka badnayn 3mm. Dhumucda ugu badan ≤13mm, ballac ≤13.5mm, radius-ka geeska ≤1.3mm.
Noocyo: Muunado matalaya midabyo/cufnaan kala duwan.
Tirada: Ugu yaraan 2 qaybood, 3 muunad halkii set.

4.1.2 Habka Tijaabada

Calaamadaynta: 25±1mm iyo 100±1mm khadadka.
Qaboojinta: Ku hay meel u dhow dhammaadka 100mm, dherer ahaan u jiifa, ballac ahaan 45° ± 2°, iyadoo shabag silig ah uu ka hooseeyo 100± 1mm.
Olol: Socodka Methane 105ml/daqiiqo, cadaadiska dambe ee tiirka biyaha 10mm, dhererka ololka 20±1mm.
Shidista: Ku dabool ololka 45° muddo 30±1s ah ama ilaa gubashadu gaarto 25mm.
Waqtiga: Waqtiga duubista iyo dhererka la gubay (L) laga bilaabo 25mm ilaa 100mm.
Xisaabinta: Xawaaraha gubashada (V) = 60L/t (mm/daqiiqo).

4.1.3 Diiwaanada Tijaabada

Hadday ololku gaaro 25±1mm ama 100±1mm.
Dhererka gubanaya (L) iyo waqtiga (t) inta u dhaxaysa 25mm iyo 100mm.
Haddii ololku dhaafo 100mm, duub wakhtiga laga bilaabo 25mm ilaa 100mm.
Xawaaraha gubashada ee la xisaabiyay.

4.1.4 Shuruudaha Qiimaynta HB

Dhumucda 3–13mm: Xawaaraha gubashada ≤40mm/daqiiqo in ka badan 75mm.
Dhumucda <3mm: Xawaaraha gubashada ≤75mm/daqiiqo ka badan 75mm.
Ololku waa inuu joogsadaa ka hor 100mm.

4.2 Gubashada Toosan (V-2, V-1, V-0)

4.2.1 Shuruudaha Tusaalaha ah

Qaab: Xaashiyo leh geeso siman, dusha sare oo nadiif ah, iyo cufnaan isku mid ah.
Cabbirka: 125±5mm × 13.0±0.5mm. Bixi muunado dhumucdoodu ugu yar/ugu badan tahay; haddii natiijooyinku kala duwan yihiin, muunado dhexdhexaad ah (qiyaastii 3.2mm) ayaa loo baahan yahay.
Noocyo: Muunado matalaya midabyo/cufnaan kala duwan.
Tirada: Ugu yaraan 2 qaybood, 5 muunad halkii qaybood.

4.2.2 Qaabaynta Muunadda

Heerkulka: 23±2°C, 50±5% RH muddo 48 saacadood ah; tijaabi 30 daqiiqo gudahood ka dib marka la saaro.
Foorno: 70±1°C muddo ≥168 saacadood ah, ka dibna ku qabooji qalajiyaha muddo ≥4 saacadood ah; tijaabi 30 daqiiqo gudahood.

4.2.3 Habka Tijaabada

Qaboojinta: Ku hay dusha sare 6mm, jihada toosan, salka hoose 300±10mm ka sarreeya cudbiga (0.08g, 50×50mm, ≤6mm dhumucdiis).
Olol: Socodka Methane 105ml/daqiiqo, cadaadiska dambe ee tiirka biyaha 10mm, dhererka ololka 20±1mm.
Shidista: Dab ku mari geeska hoose ee muunadda (masaafada 10±1mm) 10±0.5s. Hagaaji haddii muunaddu ay beddesho.
Waqtiga: Diiwaangeli dab-shidka dambe (t1) ka dib marka ugu horreysa ee la shido, dib u isticmaal ololka 10±0.5s, ka dibna duub dab-shidka dambe (t2) iyo dab-shidka dambe (t3).
Fiiro gaar ah: Haddii daadasho dhacdo, u janjeeri gubi 45°. Iska ilow muunadaha haddii ololku bakhtiyo sababtoo ah qiiqa gaaska.